PV shading fault detection and classification based on I-V curve using principal component analysis: Application to isolated PV system

Siwar Fadhel (1, 2, 3) , Claude Delpha (4) , Demba Diallo (1) , I. Bahri (1) , Anne Migan-Dubois (1) , Mohamed Trabelsi (3) , Mohamed Faouzi Mimouni (3)

1 GeePs - Laboratoire Génie électrique et électronique de Paris
2 ENISo - National Engineering School of Sousse / Ecole Nationale d'Ingénieurs de Sousse
3 ENIM - École Nationale d’Ingénieurs de Monastir
4 L2S - Laboratoire des signaux et systèmes

Health monitoring and diagnosis of photovoltaic (PV) systems is becoming crucial to maximise the power production, increase the reliability and life service of PV power plants. Operating under faulty conditions, in particular under shading, PV plants have remarkable shape of current-voltage (I-V) characteristics in comparison to reference condition (healthy operation). Based on real electrical measurements (I-V), the present work aims to provide a very simple, robust and low cost Fault Detection and Classification (FDC) method for PV shading faults. At first, we extract the features for different experimental tests under healthy and shading conditions to build the database. The features are then analysed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The accuracy of the data classification into the PCA space is evaluated using the confusion matrix as a metric of class separability. The results using experimental data of a 250 Wp PV module are very promising with a successful classification rate higher than 97% with four different configurations. The method is also cost effective as it uses only electrical measurements that are already available. No additional sensors are required.

Keywords: PV shading faults; I-V curves; Fault classification; Fault detection; Principal Component Analysis; 28 Fault classification 29

Domains: Signal and Image processing

Siwar Fadhel, Claude Delpha, Demba Diallo, I. Bahri, Anne Migan-Dubois, et al.. PV shading fault detection and classification based on I-V curve using principal component analysis: Application to isolated PV system. Solar Energy, 2019, 179, pp.1-10. ⟨10.1016/j.solener.2018.12.048⟩. ⟨hal-01970593⟩